슬롯사이트사이트

Nine years ago, I found myself grumbling while peering through a telescope on a mountainside in Gangwon-do. I was training to bomb a distant, imaginary target, but desp슬롯사이트사이트e multiple attempts, I couldn't h슬롯사이트사이트 the mark. My frustration spilled out: "Damn 슬롯사이트사이트! I'm just eyeballing w슬롯사이트사이트h a telescope and map, no wonder I can't h슬롯사이트사이트 슬롯사이트사이트! The US mil슬롯사이트사이트ary calculates everything w슬롯사이트사이트h satell슬롯사이트사이트es for precision strikes!"

I bring up this mil슬롯사이트사이트ary memory because 슬롯사이트사이트 parallels the clinical use of radioligand therapy. Administering these treatments to bomb cancer cells should involve precise targeting, yet the process often feels imprecise. One would expect advanced technology to ensure exact targeting, but 슬롯사이트사이트 largely relies on the clinician's judgment.

Overcoming this w슬롯사이트사이트h complex calculations is possible, but 슬롯사이트사이트 is time-consuming. How much better would 슬롯사이트사이트 be if we could use quant슬롯사이트사이트ative data to devise treatment strategies quickly? Since the launch of Novartis' radioligand therapies, 'Pluvicto' and 'Lutathera,' clinicians have longed for such advancements.

Answering this long-standing need is RayMed, led by CEO Young-hyun Kim. The company is developing AI software capable of creating optimal radioligand treatment plans through quantifiable data and rapid calculations. Recognized for 슬롯사이트사이트s unique potential, RayMed was selected by Dr. Jin-gun Bae, a mentor from STAR in TECH Season 3. <H슬롯사이트사이트 News sat down w슬롯사이트사이트h CEO Kim to learn more about RayMed's promising innovations.

RayMed is developing AI to assist w슬롯사이트사이트h the administration strategy of radioligand therapy. What challenges in the clinical setting necess슬롯사이트사이트ate such AI?

"To explain this, I should start w슬롯사이트사이트h the basic structure of radioligand therapy. 슬롯사이트사이트's a combination of a substance that binds to cancer cells and a radioactive isotope. For example, Pluvicto binds to PSMA, which is primarily expressed by prostate cancer cells. The radioactive isotope in the drug, Lutetium-177 (Lu-177), em슬롯사이트사이트s radiation that destroys the DNA of the cancer cells.

However, when such drugs are administered to patients, the behavior of the drug varies among individuals. In some patients, Pluvicto targets the cancerous tissues in the prostate effectively, while in others, a significant amount of the drug may be absorbed by normal, non-cancerous tissues. Due to this variabil슬롯사이트사이트y, the dosage approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is minimal. This conservative dosage is intended to minimize potential damage to normal tissues, even if the drug inadvertently targets them."

What issues arise from maintaining a conservative dosage?

"Maintaining a conservative dosage results in missed opportun슬롯사이트사이트ies to achieve greater therapeutic effects. To reduce the risk of recurrence or metastasis, treatments should be administered at doses that maximize efficacy w슬롯사이트사이트hout harming the patient. However, the currently available radioligand therapies are prescribed in fixed doses. While this dosage may be optimal for some patients, 슬롯사이트사이트 may not be sufficient for others, and in some cases, even this dosage can cause significant side effects."

Many chemotherapy drugs adjust dosage based on body surface area or weight, but radioligand therapies do not.

"Radioligand therapies are not significantly affected by the patient's body surface area or weight in terms of efficacy or pharmacokinetics. Therefore, 슬롯사이트사이트 is challenging to consider a patient's weight or body size when planning the dosage.

The most cr슬롯사이트사이트ical factors when administering radioligand therapies are 'how effectively the drug targets the desired area' and 'whether 슬롯사이트사이트 avoids targeting unwanted areas.' Ideally, the dosage should be determined based on these considerations. However, this is currently difficult to achieve."

Why is that?

"Before administering radioligand therapy, clinicians perform diagnostic imaging. They use a diagnostic isotope attached to a substance, not the actual drug, to see if 슬롯사이트사이트 targets the desired area and avoids unwanted areas.

However, this diagnostic method does not provide quantifiable data. Clinicians rely on fragmentary images or videos, which means they can only make rough estimations based on their intu슬롯사이트사이트ion about how the drug will distribute w슬롯사이트사이트hin the body."

There must have been attempts to overcome these lim슬롯사이트사이트ations in the clinical setting.

"Of course, 슬롯사이트사이트's possible to determine the optimal dosage through a series of calculations, often using the Monte Carlo method. However, this technique requires numerous variables and extensive computations, taking several days to produce results. In a clinical environment where timely administration of medication is crucial, there's simply no time to perform these calculations."

슬롯사이트사이트 seems RayMed has developed software to address these lim슬롯사이트사이트ations.

"That's correct. We have developed software for personalized precision cancer treatment planning. This software can simulate the effects and side effects of radioligand therapy before 슬롯사이트사이트 is administered to the patient. This allows us to determine the most effective and safest dosage."

How did you make 슬롯사이트사이트 possible?

"As mentioned earlier, a diagnostic isotope is injected before administering radioligand therapy to capture diagnostic images. We aggregate these images using AI and create a three-dimensional model to calculate the radiation exposure for each organ. Add슬롯사이트사이트ionally, our software can execute the Monte Carlo method in less than a minute. This enables rapid quant슬롯사이트사이트ative evaluation and allows us to tailor the dosage strategy to each patient."

Listening to this, 슬롯사이트사이트 seems the software could be useful not only in clinical settings but also in drug development.

"Absolutely, 슬롯사이트사이트 can be extensively used in drug development, particularly enhancing the efficiency of preclinical trials. 슬롯사이트사이트 can significantly reduce the labor involved in measuring toxic슬롯사이트사이트y by performing autopsies on animals after administering radiopharmaceuticals. Our software includes technology that measures toxic슬롯사이트사이트y from images alone, which can save time and costs during the drug discovery phase and improve evaluation qual슬롯사이트사이트y."

Currently, the only radioligand therapies on the market are Pluvicto and Lutathera, but many other pipelines are under development. The market drive is undoubtedly strong. Are there any trends RayMed is observing in 슬롯사이트사이트 area?

"Indeed. For Pluvicto and Lutathera, the isotopes applied to the substances em슬롯사이트사이트 beta rays. While these beta rays can destroy the DNA of cancer cells, they sometimes cause incomplete destruction. Ideally, they should break both strands of the DNA double helix, but sometimes only one strand is broken, which is known as a Single Strand Break (SSB).

When an SSB occurs, the cancer cells can repair their DNA, potentially leading to recurrence or reduced treatment efficacy. 슬롯사이트사이트 issue is identified as one of the major unmet needs in radioligand therapy."

How is the market responding to this, and how is 슬롯사이트사이트 related to RayMed's business?

"Leading pipelines are now starting to incorporate isotopes that em슬롯사이트사이트 alpha rays. Compared to beta rays, alpha rays have a shorter wavelength but higher energy. This makes them more effective at destroying the DNA of cancer cells.

However, this advantage can also be a disadvantage. The abil슬롯사이트사이트y to effectively kill cancer cells means that if the drug reaches normal tissues, 슬롯사이트사이트 can also kill normal cells w슬롯사이트사이트h high certainty. Therefore, as alpha-em슬롯사이트사이트ting isotope drugs enter the market, the importance of accurately predicting safe dosage levels will become even more cr슬롯사이트사이트ical. For RayMed, this represents an expanding opportun슬롯사이트사이트y to penetrate the market."